Ready, Set, Deploy! Rails 7.1 Gets Docker Support
Rails 7.1 introduced a significant enhancement for Docker integration. It now generates essential Docker files by default when you create a new Rails application. This streamlines the setup process and simplifies deployment using Docker for production environments.
Here's what's included:
Dockerfile: Contains instructions for building the Docker image optimized for production use.
.dockerignore: Specifies files and directories to exclude from the image, reducing image size.
bin/docker-entrypoint: Customizes container startup behaviour for production readiness.
How to setup the Rails 7.1 app using docker
1. Create Rails app
The Rails version should be 7.1. The minimum Ruby version for Rails 7.1 is 3.1.2.
rails new docker_demo2. Build the docker image
To build the docker image, navigate to the Rails application directory and run the below command:
cd docker_demo
docker build -t docker_demo .Note:
Once the build command is successful,
it displays the below message.
=> naming to docker.io/library/docker_demo 0.0s
What's Next?
View a summary of image vulnerabilities and recommendations → docker scout quickviewThe docker scout quickview command:
Analyzes the most recently built image
Provides a summary of vulnerabilities
Highlights base image vulnerabilities
Recommends base image updates
3. Running the image
The docker images command lists
and
manages Docker images on your system.
It provides information about the images you have locally,
including their repositories,
tags,
sizes,
and
creation dates.
> docker_demo % docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker_demo latest 22ef356334e8 17 minutes ago 474MBIf you try running a container from this image, it will fail with an error:
> docker_demo % docker run docker_demo
bin/rails aborted!
ArgumentError: Missing `secret_key_base` for 'production' environment, set this string with `bin/rails credentials:edit`
/rails/config/environment.rb:5:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:prepare => db:load_config => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)When you created the Rails application,
it added a .dockerignore file.
If you check,
the config/master.key is added to the file.
Due to its extreme sensitivity,
the config/master.key file is intentionally excluded from both Git
and
Docker images by default.
If this is missing, Rails looks out for an environment variable RAILS_MASTER_KEY. If the environment variable is also missing, the above error is raised.
To fix this,
you need to pass the RAILS_MASTER_KEY to the docker run command as below:
docker run --rm -it -p 3000:3000 --env RAILS_MASTER_KEY=<your key> docker_demoThe above command should run successfully.
Note:
If you try these steps locally,
the application will run in the production environment.
Accessing localhost:3000 will not run successfully.
The config.force_ssl is set to true by default
in the Rails 7 application.
For easy local development, docked provides a pre-configured environment with all the necessary Rails dependencies, eliminating the hassle of manual setup for beginners. Docked Rails CLI simplifies setup with a Docker image, requiring only Docker installation.
4. Accessing Rails console
To access the Rails console, you need to execute the below command.
docker run --rm -it -v docker_demo:/rails/storage --env RAILS_MASTER_KEY=<your key> docker_demo consoleKey points to remember:
Production focus: The generated Dockerfiles are primarily designed for production deployments, not local development.
Multi-stage builds: Employ multi-stage builds for smaller image sizes and better efficiency.
JavaScript build support: Include dependencies for JavaScript build environments.
Database configuration: Customize database connections within the container for production readiness, ensuring environment variables are set appropriately.
To know more about this feature, please refer to this PR.
